The International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea (IRPCS) outline specific rules for sailing vessels to ensure safe navigation and prevent collisions with other vessels. These rules are essential for sailors to understand and follow while operating their sailboats. Let’s explore the sailing rules within the IRPCS:
Rule 12: Sailing Vessels
- This rule states that sailing vessels should always give way to vessels that are not under sail (i.e., power-driven vessels). However, if two sailing vessels are approaching each other, the vessel that has the wind on its starboard (right) side should give way to the vessel with the wind on its port (left) side.
Rule 13: Overtaking
- When a sailing vessel is overtaking another vessel, it is considered the “give-way” vessel and must keep clear of the vessel being overtaken. The overtaking vessel should maneuver in a way that avoids a collision and provides enough space for the vessel being overtaken to maintain its course and speed.
Rule 14: Head-on Situation
- If two sailing vessels are approaching each other head-on, both vessels should alter their courses to starboard (right) so that they pass each other port (left) side to port side. This rule helps ensure a clear and predictable path of passage.
Rule 16: Action by the Give-way Vessel
- When a sailing vessel is the “give-way” vessel, it should take early and substantial action to keep clear of other vessels. The give-way vessel should avoid crossing ahead of the other vessel’s path, and if necessary, should alter course to pass behind the stand-on vessel.
Rule 17: Action by the Stand-on Vessel
- The “stand-on” vessel, which has the right of way, should maintain its course and speed as long as it is safe to do so. It should only alter its course when it becomes apparent that the give-way vessel is not taking appropriate action to avoid a collision.
These are some of the key rules within the IRPCS that specifically pertain to sailing vessels. It is important for sailors to understand these rules, maintain a proper lookout, and take necessary actions to prevent collisions while under sail. Remember, good seamanship, communication, and adherence to the IRPCS contribute to safe and enjoyable sailing experiences for everyone on the water.